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一、 |
陳忠仁、呂鴻德 |
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二、 |
蔡明田、廖曜生 |
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三、 |
蔡燿全、楊棠堯 |
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四、 |
倪豐裕、陳火坤、陳以亨 |
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五、 |
建築師網路關係與價值之探討 |
賴其勛、蔡宏文 |
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六、 |
亞洲航空策略規劃共識營個案探證 |
鄭榮郎 |
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THE EFFECT OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER -- AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF FOREIGN-INVESTED COMPANIES 陳忠仁 成功大學企業管理系所 呂鴻德 中原大學企業管理系所 Chung-Jen Chen Department of Business Administration National Cheng-Kung University Horng-Der Leu Department of Business Administration Chung-Yuan Christian University 摘要 在過去技術移轉的相關研究中，學者多著重在探討會影響技術移轉的經濟因素，而忽略了文化因素的影響效果，因此本研究嘗試自文化面來探討國際技術移轉。本研究以文化差異程度為預測變數，國際技術移轉績效為準則變數，並為求研究之完整性，引入技術特性及技術接受者特性為調和變數。研究之重要結論包括：國家文化及企業文化差異程度對技術移轉績效之人力資源績效、產品製程績效、及市場競爭績效大都有顯著差異。文化差異愈小，技術移轉績效愈佳。就國家文化差異程度而言，技術接受者特性之廠商資本額及外資比例在部份績效構面上有交互作用；而在企業文化差異程度方面，則有技術接受者特性之員工人數、廠商資本額及外資比例在部份績效構面上有交互作用。技術特性對文化差異程度與技術移轉績效關係影響非常薄弱，只有在企業文化差異程度方面，技術類型有顯著交互作用。 關鍵字：技術移轉、文化差異、企業文化、國家文化 |
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ABSTRACT Many studies have been focused on the economic factors affecting transfer of technology. Little has been done on the cultural factors involved in this issue. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cultural difference on the international technology transfer. This study used degree of cultural difference as the antecedent, the performance of international technology transfer as the dependent variable, and the characteristics of technology and the recipient as the moderators. The empirical results include: national and corporate cultural differences have significant and negative influence on the performance of human-resource, product-process, and market-competitiveness. The smaller the cultural difference the better the performance of technology transfer. Two items of the characteristics of the recipient, capital of firm and percentage of foreign owned, have significant interaction with national cultural difference. Three items of the characteristics of the recipient, number of employees, capital of firm, and percentage of foreign owned, have significant interaction with corporate cultural difference. The characteristics of technology have weak interaction with the cultural difference. Only one item, types of technology, has significant interaction with corporate cultural difference. Keywords: Technology Transfer, Cultural Difference, Corporate Culture, National Culture.
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集團子公司人力資源控制與績效關係—集團管理控制型態之節制作用 DIVISIONAL HUMAN RESOURCE CONTROLS AND PERFORMANCE — THE MODERATING EFFECT OF MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS 蔡明田 成功大學企業管理系 廖曜生* 樹德科技大學企業管理系 Ming-Tien Tsai Department of Business Administration Yao-Sheng Liao Department of Business Administration 摘要 集團企業的管理控制是影響績效的重要關鍵，而集團管理控制型態對子公司內部人力資源控制與經營績效關係的節制效果仍未見到相關的研究，因此本研究探討國內集團企業管理控制型態與子公司人力資源控制的交互作用對績效的影響，研究結果發現 : 當集團採用策略控制時，子公司使用行為控制可以降低離職率 ; 使用產出控制則可以提高經營績效 ; 但相反的，若使用輸入控制則提高了員工離職率。當集團採用財務控制時，子公司使用行為控制可以降低離職率。 關鍵字：集團企業、管理控制型態、人力資源控制、經營績效。 |
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ABSTRACT Focusing on business units in conglomerate, this study investigated the moderating effect of management control systems on the relationship between divisional human resource management ( HRM ) controls and performance. Empirical results indicate that when strategic control is adopted by the conglomerate, HRM based on behavior control is negatively related to turnover, HRM based on output control is positively related to performance, HRM based on input control is positively related to turnover. On the other hand, when financial control is adopted, HRM based on behavior control is negatively related to turnover. Keywords: conglomerate, management control systems, human resource management controls, performance
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CHINESE NATURAL LANGUAGE SEMANTIC PROCESSING IN DATABASE RETRIEVAL - INTERNET PLATFORM 蔡燿全 成功大學企業管理系 楊棠堯 崑山科技大學會計系 Yao-Chuan Tsai Department of Business Administration, Tarng-Yao Yang Department of Accounting, 摘要 傳統結構化查詢語言(SQL)或範例學習(QBE)的查詢方式，使用者不僅需要事先學習或訓練，而且還必須瞭解資料結構及資料間的關聯，造成查詢上的負擔。然而自然語言的擷取方式，在上述的問題均具有令人青睞的優越性，除了以口語方式查詢的友善人機介面外，使用者不須經過任何訓練，即可進行臨時性的(Ad-hoc)查詢。本研究基於上述理由與本土化需求，提出一個以語意處理為主的中文自然語言資料庫擷取介面，透過語意轉換樹文法，將中文自然語言轉換成國際標準的結構化查詢語言(SQL)，達到查詢資料庫的目的。網際網路(Internet)的發展已成為國際趨勢，其亦是現今資訊流通最方便、快速的方式，為了達到查詢地點透明化的目的，本研究擬將上述中文自然語言介面移植到網際網路的平台，藉著其主從架構的優點，以提高本研究的應用價值。由於處理語意轉換樹文法的遞迴需求，本研究以CGI後端技術來發展成績資料庫的擷取介面雛形，以驗證本研究之系統架構。 關鍵字：資料庫擷取介面、中文自然語言處理、語意轉換樹文法 |
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ABSTRACT Typical query methods of SQL or QBE need users to learn and train in advance resulted in the burden in database retrieval. Whereas natural language query interfaces offer the overwhelming advantage of requiring the least end-user training, and the capability of proceeding to ad-hoc queries. In order to fit in with the demand of localism, we intend to use Chinese natural language based on semantic processing as the database retrieval interface. The core processing of this system is the semantic transition tree grammars. We also try to transplant Chinese natural language retrieval interface into Internet environment. By way of the Client/Server characteristics of internet, information retrieval will be much personalized and efficient. Eventually we choose the CGI technology that can process recursive problem to develop the prototype of Grade database retrieval interface in order to demonstrate the practicability of this study architecture. Keywords: Database retrieval interface, Chinese natural language processing, Semantic transition tree grammar
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預算目標困難度、任務不確定性、預算強調對績效影響之研究:調節迴歸分析 THE EFFECTS OF BUDGETARY GOAL DIFFICULTY, TASK UNCERTAINTY AND BUDGETARY EMPHASIS ON PERFORMANCE: MODERATED REGRESSION ANALYSIS 倪豐裕 陳火坤 中山大學企業管理學系 陳以亨 中山大學人力資源管理研究所 Feng-Yu Ni Huo-Kun Chen Department of Business Administration Iheng Chen Institute of Human Resource Management 摘要 由於預算目標困難度對績效的影響效果，研究結果頗不一致，有些研究者以中介變數或調節變數探討其關係。本研究採情境觀點，認為(1)預算目標困難度、任務不確定性及預算強調三者對績效有交互作用效果，(2)任務不確定性是影響預算目標困難度和績效關係的調節變數，在低任務不確定性的情況下，預算目標困難度對績效的正向影響大於高任務不確定性時的情況，(3) 若以高預算強調考核經理人的績效，則在任務不確定性低的情況下，設定困難的預算目標可以提昇績效；然而，在任務不確定性高的情況下，設定困難的預算目標會降低績效。本研究以隨機抽取自72家台灣製造業股票上市公司的54位負責預算的經理人為問卷樣本，並以調節迴歸模型驗證上述論點，結果以預算績效為績效指標時獲得證實，而以管理績效為績效指標時則無法證實上述論點。 關鍵字：預算目標困難度、任務不確定性、預算強調、交互作用效果、調節迴歸模型 |
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ABSTRACT The results of past studies regarding the effects of setting difficult goals on performance are equivocal. Therefore, some researchers have introduced the mediating or contingent variables to reconcile these inconsistent results. The present study adopting the contingent perspective predicts that (1) there is an interaction between budgetary goal difficulty, task uncertainty and budgetary emphasis that affects performance, (2) task uncertainty may moderate the relationship between budgetary goal difficulty and performance; where task uncertainty is low, setting difficult budgetary goal is more effective in promoting performance than where task uncertainty is high and (3) in case that task uncertainty is low and budgetary emphasis is high, increase in budgetary goal difficulty will positively influence performance. Results from a questionnaire survey of 54 middle-level managers with budget responsibilities in 72 manufacturing companies, which were listed in the Taiwan Stock Exchange Market, provide part support for these predictions. These arguments are supported when budgetary performance is used as an indicator of performance, but they are not supported when managerial performance is used as an indicator of performance. Keywords: Budgetary goal difficulty; Task uncertainty; Budgetary emphasis; Interaction effect; Moderated regression model.
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THE NETWORK RELATIONSHIPS AND VALUES OF THE ARCHITECT 賴其勛 蔡宏文 大葉大學工業關係系 Chi-Shiun Lai Hung-Wen Tsai Department of Industrial Relations 摘要 本研究使用深度訪談法，以十一位建築師進行個案分析，試圖了解建築師的網路關係與價值，結果發現往來動機、連結對象、關係維持方法與網路價值之間的關係。往來動機為經濟因素者，連結對象偏向民間企業業主與業務開發配合人員，關係維持方法是建築師具有多元專業能力、良好的人際關係、社交活動、非正式化的關係、以及相互投資結盟，最後獲得的價值是經濟滿足與良好的社會關係；而以專業合作為主要往來動機，和兩項動機兼顧者，連結對象偏向公家機關業主、技術配合人員及其他專門人員，關係維持的方法同樣包含多元專業能力、良好的人際關係與社交活動，但卻建立在正式的合約關係上，獲得的價值是專業滿足與良好的社會關係。 關鍵字：網路關係、網路價值、建築師 |
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ABSTRACT This study explores 11 professional architects' perspective with in-depth interview trying to understand the network relationships and values of the architect. The architects whose motives are economic factors will connect with private enterprises and development personnel. The ways of relation maintenance are multi-professional abilities, well interpersonal relationships, social contact activities, informal relationships, and inter-investment. The values they got are economic satisfaction and social relationships. The architects whose motives are professional cooperation or both economic factors and professional cooperation will connect with public sections, technical personnel, and other professional personnel. The ways of relation maintenance are multi-professional abilities, well interpersonal relationships, social contact activities, and formal relationships. The values they got are professional satisfaction and social relationships. Keywords: Network relationships, Network values, Architect
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THE CASE STUDY OF CONSENSUS CAMP OF STRATEGIC PLANNING IN AIR ASIA 鄭榮郎* 中國生產力中心高雄服務處 Lung-Lang Cheng Kaohsiung office, China Productivity Center 摘要 本文由策略規劃相關文獻的探討，提出策略規劃共識活動的想法。經由共同塑造企業的經營理念、使命與願景後，再結合目標管理的方法，使策略規劃執行面的架構更為完整，並以亞洲航空個案為案例，採取實際參與觀察的方式，親自訪談相關人員與次級資料的搜集，探討亞洲航空組織由盛而衰的過程，其間並經歷三次股東改組經營權易手，企業正轉虧為盈之際，如何透過共識活動的手法，凝聚員工對變革的共識，進行經營策略規劃，達成企業轉型的目的。 關鍵字：共識營、策略規劃、企業改造、目標管理 |
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ABSTRACT Our overall research goal is analyzing the effects of consensus camp on strategic planning through a literature review of articles about strategic management. We aim to provide a more complete framework for attempting organization objectives by Management by objective（MBO）approach with strategic planning and through sharing management philosophy, mission and vision among employees. We use the Air Asia as the case study example. In this research we collect data through practical interview, second data and questionnaires to the process of Air Asia’s vicissitude. There were three changes in shareholder structure. As the Air Asia is turning losses into profits, top manages tries to use the consensus camp skill to upgrade the employee’s attitude to changes and then implement the strategic planning to achieve the goal of business reengineering. Keywords: Consensus Camp, Strategic planning, Reengineering, Management by Objective -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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